BAHASA INGGRIS BINTARA

READING

Vitamin B6 is one of our hardest working nutrients, being involved in over 100 chemical reactions which take place in our bodies. However, it has been found that nearly one third of people do not have as much vitamin B6 as their bodies need. This is because it is very easily broken down during food processing, storage, and cooking, and it cannot be stored in our bodies. Among its many functions are; manufacturing amino acids, the building blocks which make proteins; producing neutrotransmitters, the chemicals which send nerve message around our bodies, helping to release energy from the food we eat; keeping our hormones in balance and helping to maintain our immune systems.

1.The topic of the text is _________.

(A)the usefulness of vitamin B6

(B)the effect of lack of vitamin B6

(C)the manufacture of vitamin B6

(D)the nutrients needed by our body

(E)the chemical reaction in our body

2.Which of the following is NOT the function of vitamin B6?

(A)To help maintain the immune systems.

(B)To help produce protein in the body.

(C)To break down foods stored in our body.

(D)To keep the hormones in our body in balance.

(E)To help release energy from the food.

The YHA (Youth Hostels Association) welcomes guests – young or old, individuals or groups – who need a wheelchair to get around or who have visual, hearing or other handicaps. We have many positive advantages to offer – above all friendly companionship and inexpensive accommodation at hostel throughout England and Wales, in the country-side, in cities, towns and on the coast.

Of course there have to be some ‘ifs’. We must be realistic. Only one of our hostels – Broad Haven on the Pembrokeshire coast – is specially designed to cater for handicapped people. Other hostels (castles, old mills, mansions, former school, town houses and country cottages) vary greatly in such things as accessibility (particularly for wheelchair), the amount of ground floor accommodation available, the width of doorway and the number of downstairs toilets.

3.The topic of the text is _______.

(A)the best youth hostels in the world

(B)the hostels operated by the YHA

(C)a special hostel for YHA staff members

(D)the type of building used as hostels

(E)the importance of hostels for the handicapped

4.What is ‘usual’ about the YHA is that it _______.

(A)provides inexpensive accommodation

(B)is owned by a group of youngsters

(C)particularly locates its hostels on the coast

(D)has a hostel especially for handicapped people

(E)has hostels with different type of architecture

While fats have lately acquired a bad image, one should not forget how essential they are. Fats provide the body’s best means of storing energy, a far more efficient energy source than either carbohydrates or proteins. They act as insulation against cold, or cushioning for the internal organs, and as lubricants. Without fats, energy would have no way to utilize fat-soluble vitamins. Furthermore, some fats contain fatty acids that contain necessary growth factors and help with the digestion of the other foods.

5.The topic of the paragraph is _______.

(A)the negative things about fat

(B)the energy stored in fats

(C)the utilization of fat-soluble vitamins

(D)the functions of fat in our body

(E)the content of fats in general

6.The following are the functions of fat, EXCEPT ______.

(A)increasing people’s energy

(B)enabling utilization of fat-soluble vitamins

(C)reducing the possibility of catching a cold

(D)helping people with the digestion of food

(E)producing fatty acids used as lubricants

Anorexia nervosa is an emotional illness in which the sufferer does not let herself eat. The anorexic or sufferer, in fact, starves herself. This condition affects girls between the ages of 12 to 18 (only one in fifteen is male). Typical victim is a bright, sensitive person from an upper-middle-class or wealthy family. She has high expectations of herself and is self-critical even when her performance is excellent. She is often close to her parents. The girl’s parents are conscious of weight or appearance and are concerned about athletics or fatness. They may have high expectations for achievement from their children. Sometimes they are overprotective of or overly involved with their children.

7.The text tells us about an illness which ________.

(A)belongs to infectious disease

(B)is commonly genetic

(C)damages one of the organs

(D)is caused by psychological problems

(E)occurs more in male adults

8.From the text we may conclude that an anorexic person is ______.

(A)very friendly

(B)a perfectionist

(C)overweight

(D)self-centered

(E)mentally ill

‘Flexible work hours’ – or Flextime for short – is one of the biggest innovations in employment policy in the past decades. Under Flextime, employees choose the times at which they arrive or depart from the office within limits sets by management. Usually core hours are established; during the midday period all employees must be present. They choose, however, to come in early or to stay late. Under Flextime, absenteeism has dropped significantly, and productivity has risen. As a result, the Public and World Affairs Committee predicts “Flextime is going to stay”.

9.What is the topic of the paragraph?

(A)Employment policies

(B)Innovative office rules

(C)The role of management

(D)Adjustable office hours

(E)Regular work hours

10.From the text we may conclude that ________.

(A)Flextime is welcomed

(B)absenteeism is encouraged

(C)profit has increased

(D)office hours are established

(E)management is limited

Alternative energy sources are becoming increasingly attractive as the energy crisis becomes more severe. Solar heating systems, which use the sun's radiation as a source of energy, are a promising alternative energy source. Nuclear power plants are already in operation in several parts of the country and private industry are even investigating the possibility of capturing the power of ocean waves and tides for conversion into usable energy. Coal is once again becoming an acceptable fuel as the nation searches for solutions to the energy shortage. Even garbage is seen as a potential source of energy. In some communities, garbage is burned to heat buildings and light-city streets.

11.The main information of the text is about....

(A)the interest in alternative energy sources

(B)potential solar heating systems

(C)the operation of nuclear power plants

(D)the search for energy from the sea

(E)the use of coal to replace oil

12.Which of the following statements is TRUE about alternative sources of energy?

(A)Garbage can be recycled into energy to run factories

(B)The crisis of alternative energy sources becomes more severe

(C)Energy from the sun seems to be potentially the best alternative

(D)Coal is considered not suitable to replace oil

(E)Private industries have succeeded in producing energy from ocean wave and tides.

There are many different causes of car accidents in the United States. Sometimes accidents are caused by bad weather. Ice or snow can make roads very dangerous. Accidents also can result from problems with the car. Even a small problem like a flat tire can be serious. Bad roads are another cause of accidents. Some accidents are caused by drinking too much alcohol. In fact, this is one of the most important causes of accidents.

13.What is the paragraph about?

(A)Problems with car engines

(B)Results of car accidents

(C)The frequency of car accidents

(D)Weather conditions in the US

(E)Car accidents and their causes

14.Car accidents in the US are caused by the following, EXCEPT _______.

(A)drunken drivers

(B)bad roads

(C)unskilled drivers

(D)icy roads

(E)a flat tire

Dinosaurs are generally believed to have been very large animals and it’s true that some of them are incredibly large. One dinosaur, believed to have been the largest dinosaur ever, is called seismosaurus. Seismosaurus literally means “earth shaker”. This animal was between 100 and 120 feet long and weighed about 89 tons. To give you some idea of how big a seismosaurus was, let me tell you that an American football field is 300 long. Consider that the African elephant weighs between six and seven tons. This means that a seismosaurus was about 13 to 14 times heavier than an African elephant. It’s not surprising that his name was “earth shaker”.

15.The topic of the paragraph is ___________.

(A)the size of dinosaurs

(B)the characteristics of the seismosaurus

(C)the largest animal on earth

(D)the earth shaker

(E)the weight of the African elephant

16.According to the text which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about the seismosaurus?

(A)The seismosaurus was the largest animal ever living on earth.

(B)Because of its enormous weight the seismosaurus is called the earth shaker.

(C)The length of the seismosaurus is about one-third that of an American football field.

(D)There was no other dinosaur larger than seismosaurus.

(E)The steps of seismosaurus seemed to shake the earth.

People manage to count even when they do not have names for numbers. Early men demonstrated numbers to each other by counting on their fingers, and some primitive tribes still do this. In fact, some tribes have names for only the numbers "one" and "two" and can only indicate higher numbers by pointing to a particular finger. In other tribes, the numbers do have names, but these names are directly connected with finger counting.

17.The text tells us about....

(A)early demonstrations of numbers

(B)the use of fingers in counting

(C)the importance of numbers

(D)primitive tries

(E)various names for numbers

18.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

(A)It was not necessary to have names for numbers in counting.

(B)Only in earlier days did people use their fingers in counting.

(C)There are tribes who only consider "one" and "two" important.

(D)For some tribes, it is unusual to use fingers when counting.

(E)The words "one" and "two" were unpopular among many tribes.

In the animal world, when any species becomes overpopulated, naturalists observe that the animals begin fighting among themselves and become cannibalistic. Sociologists have been reporting for years that the human population of the world is growing at an uncontrollable rate, and the world’s cities will be overpopulated in about ten years. As a result, human societies will begin experiencing a global breakdown and we can expect an international war within the next ten years. It is feared that human social behaviors follow the same patterns as the behaviors of animals.

19.We can conclude from the text that human beings will behave like animals when ___________.

(A)they become cannibalistic

(B)they struggle for survival

(C)they fight among themselves

(D)they build up their societies

(E)there is an international war

20.The topic of the text is ____________.

(A)the research of naturalists on animals

(B)the reports of sociologists on overpopulation in the world

(C)the fighting among animal species at a certain stage of their life

(D)the similar effects of overpopulation in humans and animals

(E)the causes of overpopulation in the animal world